Investigation of the Safety Advantages and Challenges of Underground Structures and Simulation of Safety Levels

Given the escalating advancements in technologies and the increased destructive power of modern weaponry, safeguarding strategic facilities and military research centers has become a critical challenge for national security. These centers, due to their pivotal role in developing cutting-edge technologies, are considered priority targets in military conflicts and thus necessitate novel defense solutions. This paper, adopting an analytical-simulation approach, investigates the necessity and advantages of establishing these facilities deep underground. The simulation results indicate that utilizing the Earth’s natural geological layers as a defensive shield can significantly enhance facility safety against a broad spectrum of threats, including nuclear explosions, advanced penetration bombs, and cyber-electronic attacks. Although technical challenges associated with deep excavation, managing structures at great depths, and considerable initial costs pose obstacles to this approach, life cycle analysis reveals that the long-term benefits, such as risk reduction, ensuring the survival of research and operational capabilities, and enhanced deterrence, justify this investment in the long run. Therefore, the deployment of military research centers deep underground is not merely an option, but a strategic imperative for ensuring security and sovereignty in the present era.