Monitoring and Evaluation of Road Safety Performance in Surface Transportation Based on Analysis of Fatal and Injury Crash Data (Case Study: Gilan Province, Iran, 2014–2022)

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Faculty of Environment. University of Tehran. Tehran. Iran

Abstract

Road safety in Gilan Province, Iran, differs markedly from the national average due to linear settlement patterns, high population density, and functional mismatch of roadways. This descriptive-analytical study integrates official data from the Forensic Medicine Organization, Traffic Police, and Road Maintenance & Transportation Organization over nine years to examine trends and determinants of road traffic fatalities in Gilan. Unlike the national pattern dominated by rollovers and run-off-road crashes, over60% of fatalities in Gilan involve vulnerable road users (pedestrians 33.6%, motorcyclists: 26.8%). High-risk hotspots are secondary and functionally arterial roads with continuous roadside development. A 23% post-COVID surge in fatalities highlights the inadequacy of prior engineering and enforcement measures. As long as these roads are managed as inter-urban highways rather than de facto urban streets, localized interventions remain insufficient. Recommendations include reclassifying road hierarchy, systematic traffic calming, enhanced pedestrian facilities for the elderly, and physical median separation on high-risk two-lane roads.

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History

  • Received Date: 25 November 2025
  • Received Date: 10 December 2025
  • Accepted Date: 07 February 2026
  • Published Date: 21 January 2026

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